Thesis Supervisor 1 Retno Aulia Vinarti, S.Kom., M.Kom., Ph.D.
Thesis Supervisor 2 Renny Pradina, S.T., M.T.
App and Design by Muhammad Rasyad Caesarardhi
Data processed and summarized using Bringing Order to Abstractive Summarization paper
Original data provided by Atlas of Human Infectious Diseases
| Subjects | Quick Description (AI) |
|---|---|
DiseaseDisease - Original textMalaria, Plasmodium vivax | Malaria, Plasmodium vivax |
ClassificationClassification - Original textICD-9 084.1; ICD-10 B51.0–B51.9. | ICD-9 084.1; ICD-10 B51.0–B51.9. |
Syndromes and synonymsSyndromes and synonyms - Original textVivax malaria; recurring malaria; tertian malaria; paludism; marsh fever; ague. | vivax malaria; recurring malaria; tertian malaria; paludism; marsh fever; ague. |
AgentAgent - Original textPlasmodium vivax, an intacellular protozoan parasite in the Phylum Apicomplexa. | plasmodium vivax |
ReservoirReservoir - Original textHumans. | humans. |
VectorVector - Original textFemale mosquito of the genus Anopheles; mainly bites between dusk and dawn (see Anopheles map). | female mosquito of the genus anopheles |
TransmissionTransmission - Original textBy mosquito bite (Anopheles spp.); transmission has been described in needle sharing IVDUs and blood transfusion. | by mosquito bite (anopheles spp.); |
CycleCycle - Original textInfective sporozoites are inoculated by bite from anopheles mosquitoes and through the bloodstream and lymphatics reach the liver where they differentiate into tissue schizonts that release merozoites, or to a dormant stage (hypnozoite) that can become active after months or years, causing relapse. Merozoites released from liver mostly infect reticulocytes that develop to schizonts, rupture and release merozoites that will infect new reticulocytes (this cycle takes 48 hours). Gametocytes are able to infect mosquitoes during a blood meal. | infective sporozoites are inoculated by bite from anopheles mosquitoes and through the bloodstream and lymphatics reach the liver. gametocytes are able to infect mosquitoes during a blood meal. |
Incubation periodIncubation period - Original text12 days to several months | 12 days to several months |
Clinical findingsClinical findings - Original textCommon unspecific symptoms are acute febrile illness with chills, sweats, nausea, headache, and vomiting; high fever with chills is more common in P. vivax than in P. falciparum malaria. Recent reports provide evidence that vivax malaria is not as benign as previously thought. P. vivax can lead to severe anemia, acute respiratory distress, liver failure, renal failure, and even cerebral malaria. | acute febrile illness with chills, sweats, nausea, headache, and vomiting. p. vivax can lead to severe anemia, acute respiratory distress, liver failure, renal failure, and even cerebral malaria. |
Diagnostic testsDiagnostic tests - Original textMicroscopy: in Giemsa-stained blood smears Schüfnner’s dots are seen; rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs); PCR. | microscopy; rapid diagnostic tests (rdts); pcr. |
TherapyTherapy - Original textNeed to treat both P. vivax blood and liver stage. Uncomplicated P. vivax malaria: Need to treat both P. vivax blood and liver stage. | need to treat both p. vivax blood and liver stage. |
PreventionPrevention - Original textVector control; mosquito repellent; insecticidetreated bed nets; treatment of infected humans. | vector control; mosquito repellent; insecticidetreated bed nets; treatment of infected humans. |
EpidemiologyEpidemiology - Original textVivax malaria is the second most important malaria species after P. falciparum and accounts for 25–40% of the cases world wide with 132–391 million cases per year. Outside Africa it is the dominant species, mainly in Asia. The distribution is wider than P. falciparum as it is able to develop at lower temperatures and can form hypnozoites in human liver. The high prevalence of Duffy negativity in western Africa has influenced the epidemiology of P. vivax, as Duffy-negative people are apparently resistant to vivax malaria, although several reports suggest that Duffy-negative people can be infected with P.vivax. The disease burden is greatest in infants. In 2010, an autochtonous P.vivax case was diagnosed in north eastern Spain. Malaria was declared eradicated from Spain in 1964. P.vivax may have been transmitted by the local vector Anopheles atroparvus, which can transmit Asiatic P. vivax strains. | outside africa it is the dominant species, mainly in asia. the disease burden is greatest in infants. in 2010, an autochtonous p.vivax case was diagnosed in north eastern spain. |
CommunicabilityCommunicability - Original textNaN | - |
Prepatent periodPrepatent period - Original textNaN | - |