Thesis Supervisor 1 Retno Aulia Vinarti, S.Kom., M.Kom., Ph.D.
Thesis Supervisor 2 Renny Pradina, S.T., M.T.
App and Design by Muhammad Rasyad Caesarardhi
Data processed and summarized using Bringing Order to Abstractive Summarization paper
Original data provided by Atlas of Human Infectious Diseases
| Subjects | Quick Description (AI) |
|---|---|
DiseaseDisease - Original textHepatitis A | Hepatitis A |
ClassificationClassification - Original textICD-9 070.1; ICD-10 B15. | ICD-9 070.1; ICD-10 B15. |
Syndromes and synonymsSyndromes and synonyms - Original textEpidemic hepatitis, infectious hepatitis, infectious jaundice, catarrhal jaundice. | epidemic hep, infectious hepatitis, infectious jaundice, catarrhal jaundiced. |
AgentAgent - Original textHepatitis A virus (HAV), a single stranded RNA virus, genus Hepatovirus in the family Picornaviridae. | hepatitis a virus (hav), a single stranded rna virus, genus hepatovirus |
ReservoirReservoir - Original textHumans are the main reservoir; non-human primates can be infected, rarely. | humans are the main reservoir; non-human primates can be infected, rarely. |
VectorVector - Original textNaN | - |
TransmissionTransmission - Original textPerson-to-person transmission via fecal–oral route (hands, food, water, sexual contact). | person-to-person transmission via fecal–oral route (hands, food, water, sexual contact). |
CycleCycle - Original textAfter ingestion, the virus infects hepatocytes, resulting in periportal necrosis. The virus is shed via bile into the stool and contaminates the environment, leading to new infections in susceptible exposed individuals. | after ingestion, the virus infects hepatocytes, resulting in periportal necrosis. the virus is shed via bile into the stool and contaminates the environment, leading to new infections |
Incubation periodIncubation period - Original textCommonly 28–30 days, ranging from 15 to 50 days. | Commonly 28–30 days, ranging from 15 to 50 days. |
Clinical findingsClinical findings - Original textFever, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, jaundice, dark urine, and light stools. Arthritis and rash may occur. Disease may be mild and short-lived (several weeks) to severe and prolonged (months), with a CFR <0.3%. | fever, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, jaundice, dark urine, and light stools, arthritis and rash may occur. |
Diagnostic testsDiagnostic tests - Original textSerology to detect specific IgM antibodies; RT-PCR to detect viral RNA in blood or stool. | serology to detect specific igm antibodies; rt-pcr to detect viral rna in blood or stool. |
TherapyTherapy - Original textSupportive. | supportive. |
PreventionPrevention - Original textHygiene, access to clean water, and sanitation. An effective vaccine is available; vaccination should be offered to high-risk groups (MSM, liver disease, travelers to endemic areas, IVDUs, outbreaks); passive immunization with immunoglobulins can be given as PEP within 2 weeks of the exposure. The virus remains viable for weeks at room temperature. | hygiene, access to clean water, and sanitation. vaccination should be offered to high-risk groups (msm, liver disease, travelers to endemic areas, ivdus, outbreaks); passive immunization with immunoglobulins can be given within 2 weeks of the exposure. |
EpidemiologyEpidemiology - Original textGlobally, there exist four patterns of HAV infection, based on age-specific HAV seroprevalence rates. High-endemic areas generally have low disease rates as most infections occur in young children, who are usually asymptomatic. Adults are immune and epidemics in these high-endemic areas are uncommon. High-endemic areas is defined as a region where > 90% of the children <10 years are already infected and most cases are asymptomatic. The high endemic areas are generally in poor regions with poor sanitation and lack of access to clean water (see Human Development Index map and Sanitation map). Improving living conditions leads to intermediate endemicity, which causes high disease rates because more infections now occur in older people (as disease averted in children), who are symptomatic. HAV epidemiology in high-endemic areas is shifting to intermediate endemicity, which results in an increase in disease burden. Large variations exist within countries in HAV incidence. In (very) low-endemic areas, children will not acquire the disease and the adult population will remain susceptible, leading to localized outbreaks. In areas of low endemicity, the overall prevalence is <25%. In developed countries with low endemicity, outbreaks are often caused by contaminated food products, like shellfish, which can concentrate virus, and other food products that are contaminated by an infected food handler. | globally, there exist four patterns of hav infection, based on age-specific hav seroprevalence rates. high-endemic areas generally have low disease rates as most infections occur in young children, who are usually asymptomatic. |
CommunicabilityCommunicability - Original textNaN | - |
Prepatent periodPrepatent period - Original textNaN | - |