Thesis Supervisor 1 Retno Aulia Vinarti, S.Kom., M.Kom., Ph.D.
Thesis Supervisor 2 Renny Pradina, S.T., M.T.
App and Design by Muhammad Rasyad Caesarardhi
Data processed and summarized using Bringing Order to Abstractive Summarization paper
Original data provided by Atlas of Human Infectious Diseases
| Subjects | Quick Description (AI) |
|---|---|
DiseaseDisease - Original textChikungunya Fever | Chikungunya Fever |
ClassificationClassification - Original textICD-9 066.3; ICD-10 A92.0 | ICD-9 066.3; ICD-10 A92.0 |
Syndromes and synonymsSyndromes and synonyms - Original textChikungunya means ‘that which bends up’ in Makonde language, to describe the pain. | chikungunya means ‘that which bends up’ in makonde language |
AgentAgent - Original textChikungunya virus (CHIKV), an enveloped RNA virus, genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae. CHIKV belongs to the same antigenic complex as Mayaro, Ross River, and o’nyong-nyong viruses. Phylogenetic analysis suggests an African origin about 500 years ago, with spread to Asia within the last century. | chikungunya virus (chikv) |
ReservoirReservoir - Original textNon-human primates in Africa and humansin Asia; Asianmonkeys can be infected, but do not seem to constitute an important reservoir. During intra-epidemic periods, several vertebrates have been implicated as potential reservoirs. | asianmonkeys can be infected, but do not seem to constitute an important reservoir. |
VectorVector - Original textIn Africa, the principal vectors are the sylvan mosquitoes Ae. furcifer and Ae. africanus, Ae. luteocephalus, and Ae. taylori; in Asia, urban Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and various Culex species. | in africa, the principal vectors are the sylvan mosquitoes ae. furcifer and ae, africanus, ae luteocephalus, and aa. taylori; in asia, urban aegypti, ao. albopictus and various culex species. |
TransmissionTransmission - Original textBy mosquito bite. Transmission from mother to neonate can occur in the intrapartum period; blood-borne transmission is possible. | by mosquito bite. |
CycleCycle - Original textHumans are viremic at a titer high enough to infect mosquitoes for 3 to 7 days post illness onset. The virus travels from the mosquito gut to the salivary glands in 5–7 days, after which it can infect another human by bite. | humans are viremic at a titer high enough to infect mosquitoes for 3 to 7 days post illness onset. |
Incubation periodIncubation period - Original text3–7 days (range 1–12 days). | 3–7 days (range 1–12 days). |
Clinical findingsClinical findings - Original textSudden onset fever, chills, fatigue, transient maculopapular rash constant polyarthralgia/arthritis of small joints (hands, wrists, ankles, feet); leucopenia and mild thrombocytopenia. Neurological, cardiac, and hepatic complications rare . The acute stage in infants and young children can be atypical (epidermolysis, myocarditis, or encephalitis), but is rarely fatal. Infected neonates (mother-to-child transmission) are at a high risk of severe encephalopathy and death. Chronic inflammatory joint symptoms were observed in up to 50% of adult cases, and after 2 years in some outbreaks. | fever, chills, fatigue, transient maculopapular rash constant polyarthralgia/arthritis of small joints (hands, wrists, ankles, feet); neurological, cardiac, and hepatic complications rare |
Diagnostic testsDiagnostic tests - Original textWithin 5 days of disease onset: RT-PCR on whole blood, virus isolation; After 5 days: IgM ELISA on serum; serological tests can cross-react. | rt-pcr on whole blood, virus isolation; after 5 days: igm elisa on serum; |
TherapyTherapy - Original textSupportive with pain management. | supportive with pain management. |
PreventionPrevention - Original textStandard anti-mosquito precautions. | standard anti-mosquito precautions. |
EpidemiologyEpidemiology - Original textBefore 2004, CHIKV was considered a minor arboviral disease, but since then has spread globally, infecting millions of people. Most cases are symptomatic. CHIKV has been endemic in Africa for centuries, typically causing small epidemics in rural areas. CHIKV spread to Asia within the last 60 years producing urban outbreaks, similar to dengue fever, involving Ae. egypti. The global epidemic started since a mutation in the CHIKV E1 glycoprotein gene (A226V) occurred, that enhanced its infectivity and transmission by Ae. albopictus. The mutated CHIKV is succesful in spreading in tropical and temperate regions where Ae. albopictus is present. In 2005–2006 CHIKV spread from East Africa to virgin soil in the Indian Ocean Islands to produce epidemics affecting up to three-quarters of the population. Since 2006, CHIKV outbreaks with are reported from several (sub)tropical countries in the new world. CHIKV virus was imported into several European countries and caused a small outbreak with autochthonous transmission in northern Italy. CHIKV-viremic travelers can cause autochthonous transmission in previous CHIKV-free areas if Ae. albopictus or other competent mosquitoes are present. | chikv has been endemic in africa for centuries, typically causing small epidemics in rural areas. chikv spread to asia within the last 60 years producing urban outbreaks, similar to dengue fever, involving ae. egypti. |
CommunicabilityCommunicability - Original textNaN | - |
Prepatent periodPrepatent period - Original textNaN | - |